BioMed Research International

ObjectiveTo explore the value of bedside ultrasound in monitoring peak flow velocity of abdominal aorta and its branches in assessing the volume status of patients with septic shock. MethodsA total of 80 patients with septic shock admitted to the Foshan Rehabilitation Hospital(The Fifth Peoples Hospital of Foshan) and the Guangdong Provincial Peoples Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects. All patients were treated with mechanical ventilation,and deep venous catheters were placed in the internal jugular vein or subclavian vein to monitor central venous pressure (CVP).PiCCO catheters were placed in the femoral artery to monitor hemodynamic data.At the same time,the maximum internal diameter of the inferior vena cava (IVCmax),the respiratory variation of the inferior vena cava ({square}IVC),the peak flow velocity of the abdominal aorta (VpeakAA),the peak flow velocity of the celiac artery (VpeakCA),and the peak flow velocity of the superior mesenteric artery (VpeakSMA)were monitored under bedside ultrasound.The global end-diastolic volumn index(GEDI)was used as a grouping indicator,with GEDI[&le;]680ml/m2 as the low-volume group and GEDI[&ge;]800ml/m2 as the high-volume group.Compare the differences in peak flow velocity between the abdominal aorta,celiac artery,and superior mesenteric artery between the two groups,and analyze the correlation between peak flow velocity of the abdominal aorta,celiac artery,and superior mesenteric artery and IVCmax,{Delta}IVC,CVP,and stroke volume variability (SVV);draw a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the subjects,calculate the area under the curve,and find the diagnostic threshold. ResultsThere was no significant difference in general data between the two groups (P>0.05).The VpeakAA,VpeakCA,and VpeakSMA in the high-volume group were all higher than those in the low-volume group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). However,VpeakCA and VpeakSMA were significantly correlated with IVCmax, {bigtriangleup} IVC,CVP,and SVV (P<0.05).The ROC curve analysis showed that VpeakAA,VpeakCA,and VpeakSMA could effectively evaluate the volume status of patients with septic shock, and the area under the VpeakSMA curve was 0.846,with a 95% confidence interval of 0.693-0.999,and had high sensitivity and specificity. ConclusionBedside ultrasound can dynamically monitor VpeakAA,VpeakCA,and VpeakSMA,which has great value in the evaluation of volume status in patients with septic shock.

BackgroundThere is a shortage of chemical reagents for severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis and a surge of SARS-CoV-2cases, especially in limited-resource settings. Therefore, the combination of an optimal assay kit is necessary. MethodsWe compared the ability to screen SARS-CoV-2 among three primer-probe sets in two different master mixes, Invitrogen SuperScript III One-Step RT-PCR and LightCycler Multiplex RNA Virus Master. ResultsThe assay with TIB-Molbiol, IDT, and Phu Sa sets for LightCycler Multiplex RNA Virus Master or Invitrogen SuperScript III One-Step RT-PCR showed positive results from a single reaction of triplicate in the three days of 4.8 copies per reaction. R-squared and amplification efficiency were 0.97 and ranged from 107 to 108%, respectively. ConclusionsOur findings indicated that TIB-Molbiol, IDT, and Phu Sa primer-probe sets could be beneficial for the laboratory screening of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR assay of E gene. There is a need to consider the combination of these reagent sets as a new strategy to increase the testing capacity of screening programs for COVID-19.

IntroductionKnowing the final status of trauma patients and clearly understanding their condition are always significant due to the complexity of injuries and the high dependence of the patients condition on various factors. That is why it allows doctors to be able to provide required facilities in a broader perspective and perform appropriate action. In addition, it can avoid wasting time and energy and then increasing patient mortality. While, there are several ways to measure and predict the final status of patients but all of them have some defects. Therefore, it is very important for the significance of the system design with high accuracy and reliability to be able to help physicians investigate the final status of trauma patients. MethodIn this study, a method, a sub-branch of data science and artificial intelligence, is presented and studied based on artificial neural networks to estimate the final status of trauma patients and predict their survival and death probabilities during the treatment and care process. In the proposed method, the final status of patients is predicted using 13 respiratory indices. This method is run in Matlab and its efficiency is studied. ResultsResearch subjects include 3073 patients, 494 females and 2579 males, from Shahid Rajaei Medical Center in Shiraz. In general, according to the results from testing the method, it has been able to accurately predict the mortality of patients based on respiratory indices. The proposed structure has been able to predict patients survival and death probabilities with an accuracy of %73.75 and %99.71 respectively. Therefore, we can conclude that the presented and examined method can make a significant relevance between calculated respiratory indices and final status of patients. Discussion and ConclusionDue to the present study and the obtained results and investigating the mortality relevance with the other 13 respiratory indices using artificial intelligence-based methods, it can be stated that these indicators are good criteria for predicting mortality.

Background/ObjectivesThe purpose of the proposed study is disclosure of correlations between the dynamics of the Breathe Rate (BR) and Heart Rate (HR) when performing the intermittent physical operation at maximum power on a cycle ergometer. MethodsThe stage on the study of the General functional athlete readiness (GFAR) performed using the sports standard "Red Engine" and the cycle ergometer in 16 volunteers (10 men, 6 women) whose average age was 21{+/-}1.17 years. To determine the sports potential of the volunteers in this study, we used own Coefficient of Anaerobic Capacity (CANAC Q, beats). Continuous recording of the heart rate and respiratory rate of volunteers in the maximum power sports test was carried out by the "RheoCardioMonitor" device with an athlete functional readiness module based on the method of Transthoracic electrical impedance rheography (TEIRG). ResultsThe degree of correlation of functional indicators (M, HRM, GFAR) with CANAC Q for the group in full (n=80) occurred at a very high level, which confirmed the effectiveness of using the Coefficient of Anaerobic Capacity (CANAC Q) in assessing the general functional athlete readiness of the volunteers. ConclusionsCANAC Q measured in "beats" of the heart and recorded very accurately using the method of transthoracic electrical impedance rheography (TEIRG). For this reason as promising sports PSM-system, CANAC Q can replace the methods for determining the functional athlete readiness by blood lactate concentration and maximum oxygen consumption.

Context- An effort to predict the final condition of patients is one of the purposes of many studies; since it enables the treatment system to provide the necessary facilities in the best possible time and prevent wasting time and energy as well as increasing patient mortality. Research purpose- This study was purposed to investigate the correlation between arterial blood gas (ABG) and patient mortality and design a system to predict the final patients condition. Method- In this study, a method has been proposed to identify dynamic systems to estimate the final condition of trauma patients and predict their death or survival probability during treatment or being confined in the medical center. The proposed method by using the information of patients arterial blood gases identifies a linear model indicating the correlation between these gases and the patients final condition. This method is based on system identification using ARX model simulated in MATLAB and its results are presented. Results- Data of 2802 patients (365 deaths and 2437 survivors) with an average age of 37.87 years old and GCS average of 9.27 including 470 female and 2332 male patients were studied. The designed structure was tested with 62.57% accuracy to be able to predict patient mortality. Therefore, it can be stated that the proposed method has a good accuracy in predicting the final patients condition based on dynamic analysis. Discussion and Conclusion- It is unavoidable mortality due to accidents and severe injuries. Also, it is important to predict the death probability based on data from the early hours of the onset of trauma in patients; since it takes time to collect the data of patients condition. Therefore, it is very important to find reliable methods to measure the patients condition and predict the mortality. The study of these methods has always been considered by physicians due to its high importance. This study has almost been able to meet physicians need by providing a method based on the study of dynamics and dynamic relationships discussing arterial and mortal blood gases.

Background and AimCoronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19), for the first time detected in Wuhan, China, rapidly speared around the world and be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). The aim of the current survey is collecting laboratory findings, analysis them and reporting a specific pattern for help to COVID-19 diagnosis. MethodsTo collect laboratory characteristics, we searched "PubMed" electronic database with the following keywords: "COVID-19" "2019 novel coronavirus" "laboratory findings" "clinical characteristics". ResultsOnce the initial searches 493 studies were yielded. After removing duplicates studies 480 studies were remained. The 12 studies obtained from the literature, of which 58.3% (7) of studies were case-control (8-14), and 41.7% (5) remaining studies were designed as cross-sectional (1,15-18) ConclusionThe result of the current study showed that in the early stage of COVID-19 infection, maybe there are not significant laboratory findings, but with disease progression, the one or more than signs include increasing AST, ALT, LDH, CK, CRP, ESR, WBC, neutrophil, and decreasing Hemoglobin, lymphocyte count, eosinophil count can be seen. Elevating D-dimer and FDP are associated with ARDS development and can be used as prognostic factors.

ObjectiveTo explore the association between 24-hour activity behavior and emotional behavior problems using the component data isochronic substitution model, and to analyze the expected changes in emotional behavior problems of preschool children after different activities are substituted for each other. MethodThe physical activity, sedentary and sleep data of 211 preschool children aged 3 to 6 (91 boys and 120 girls) were measured using the ActiGraph wGT3-BT accelerometer, and the emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children were evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Descriptive statistical analysis of component data and isochronous substitution were both accomplished using R software. Result1) The MVPA time of preschool children is seriously insufficient. There are significant differences in MVPA between different genders (P < 0. 01). The MVPA time of boys is significantly higher than that of girls. There are significant differences in MVPA (P < 0. 01) and SP (P < 0. 05) among different ages. 2) The abnormal detection rate of the total score of emotional and behavioral problems and difficulties among preschool children was 12. 8%, while the abnormal detection rates of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity and inattentiveness, peer interaction problems, and prosocial behaviors were 13. 8%, 13. 8%, 17. 7%, 21. 4%, and 5. 3% respectively. 3) The simultaneous replacement of LPA, SP, SB at 15 minutes of mVPA and the replacement of SP with LPA would alleviate the emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children (P < 0. 05), while the opposite would aggravate the emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children (P < 0. 05). 4) The substitution results of different behaviors are asymmetrical, that is, emotional and behavioral problems are prone to occur but difficult to alleviate. ConclusionThe distribution of 24-hour activity and behavior time is closely related to the emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children. Although MVPA has the greatest effect on alleviating the emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children, it is more necessary to rationally allocate the influence of the use of each activity and behavior time on the emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children from the overall perspective of 24-hour activity and behavior. In the environments of kindergartens, families and communities, it is emphasized to transform childrens SB and LPA into MVPA, so as to better improve their emotional and behavioral problems.

PurposeOur aim in this study is to determine the benefits of serum lactate, albumin and base excess values in predicting prognosis and mortality in patients with sepsis or septic shock when evaluated together. MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational study. Included 217 patients admitted to Hacettepe University Hospital Adult Emergency Department, that were 18-year-old and more, and had 2 or more SOFA scores. We evaluated admission hour, 24. hour and 48. Hour lactate, albumin and base excess. We searched changes of the lactate, albumin and base excess values and calculate the hospital mortality and 90-days-mortality. ResultsDecrease in 0-24-48th hour albumin values increases the mortality of sepsis patients in our study. While 0-48th hour lactate values do not affect the hospital mortality, the increase in the 24th hour lactate value increases the hospital mortality. The increase in 0-48th hour lactate values increases the 90-day mortality. Changes of base excess values had no effect on hospital mortality and 90-day mortality. There was no effect of lactate, albumin and base excess values on mortality in patients with septic shock. When the mortality rates are analyzed according to the lactate clearance of patients with sepsis, hospital mortality increases only as 24-hours lactate clearance decreases. Alactic base excess has no effect on the mortality. While no significant AUC value was found for base excess in ROC analyzes; the AUC values of lactate and albumin are significant, but their sensivity is low since the AUC values found for lactate and albumin are below 0.70. In ROC analyzes for lactate clearance, the AUC value for 24-hour lactate clearance is significant, but the sensivity of the AUC value is low. The areas under the curve (AUC) were not statistically significant in the ROC analyzes for the alactic base excess. ConclusionsContrary to the literature, lactate, albumin and base excess were found to have low sensitivity in determining prognosis and mortality in our study. When factors that may affect serum lactate, albumin and base excesss (such as chronic liver diseases, chronic kidney diseases, metformin use) are excluded, the values of these biomarkers in determining mortality in sepsis and septic shock decrease.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of glutamine supplementation combined with an exercise program on isokinetic performance, biochemical parameters, and muscle asymmetry indices in individuals undergoing rehabilitation following ACL reconstruction. DesignA 6-week randomized controlled trial was conducted, assigning participants to either a glutamine supplementation group (ExGln) or a placebo group (ExPla), both undergoing a standardized exercise program. SettingThe study was performed in a sports medicine facility with access to isokinetic testing and biochemical analysis. ParticipantsA total of 30 participants who had undergone ACL reconstruction surgery were included, with 15 in each group. MethodsPeak torque and muscle asymmetry of knee extensors and flexors were assessed via isokinetic testing. Biochemical analyses (glucose, lipid profile, liver enzymes) were conducted pre- and post-intervention. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for intra- and intergroup comparisons, respectively. ResultsThe ExGln group showed significant improvements in peak torque for the involved limb extensors (p=0.001) and flexors (p=0.001), as well as reductions in extensor and flexor asymmetry indices (p=0.001 and p=0.018, respectively). Additionally, significant reductions were observed in C-LDL, C-HDL, and triglycerides levels in the ExGln group (p=0.006, p=0.003, and p=0.003, respectively). The intergroup analysis indicated significant differences in alkaline phosphatase levels (p=0.031). No adverse effects were reported. ConclusionGlutamine supplementation combined with a structured exercise program significantly enhanced isokinetic performance and improved biochemical parameters, suggesting a beneficial role in postoperative rehabilitation following ACL reconstruction. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these findings.

IntroductionThe pathogenesis of Preeclampsia (PE) remains enigmatic. A new concept of Shrunken Pore Syndrome (SPS) has been proposed, where in there is shrinking of pore size of the glomerulus. The ratio eGFRcystatin C / eGFRcreatinine < 0.6 is considered as SPS. Few studies show that SPS exists in pregnant ladies in the first trimester. A novel biomarker which can predict preeclampsia in the first trimester is the need of the hour. Hence this study was done. MethodCystatin C and creatinine levels were estimated during 11 to 13 weeks in all pregnant ladies. The GFR was calculated based on creatinine and cystatin C, and were assessed for SPS. Blood pressure was monitored and was managed appropriately, and statistically analysed. Results120 pregnant ladies were enrolled in our study. Out of 120, 91 ladies had SPS. 17 ladies developed preeclampsia during the follow up. The cystatin C levels were significantly higher in those who developed preeclampsia. A first trimester serum cystatin C value of 1.24mg/dl has shown to predict the occurrence of preeclampsia, with sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 74.8%. All 17 patients who had preeclampsia, had an evidence of SPS. First trimester serum cystatin C value was higher among those subsequently developed preeclampsia. DiscussionThere is a positive correlation between maternal first trimester serum cystatin C levels and development of preeclampsia. Assessment of Serum Cystatin C levels in the first trimester is a novel, cost effective biomarker to determine the risk of preeclampsia and improve the maternal, fetal and renal prognosis.

ObjectiveTo compare the outcomes of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) versus Ultrasound Therapy (UST) in plantar fasciitis. MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. An electronic search identifying studies comparing ESWT and UST for plantar fasciitis was conducted. Primary outcomes were morning and activity pain, functional impairment and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale score. Secondary outcomes included fascial thickness, primary efficacy success rate, activity limitations, pain intensity and satisfaction. ResultsSeven studies enrolling 369 patients were identified. No significant difference was found between ESWT and UST for functional impairment (Mean Difference [MD]= -2.90, P= 0.22), AOFAS scale score (MD= 35, P= 0.20) and pain in the first steps in the morning (MD= -4.72, P= 0.39). However, there was a significant improvement in pain during activity for the ESWT group (MD= -1.36, P= 0.005). For secondary outcomes, ESWT had improved results in terms of primary efficacy success rate, activity limitations and patient satisfaction. Reduction of planter fascia thickness showed no significant difference. Pain intensity after treatment had varied results amongst included studies. ConclusionESWT is superior to UST for plantar fasciitis as it improves pain activity and intensity, primary efficacy success rate and activity limitations.

The main purpose of this study was to compare the values determined in the clinical examination of the foot and ankle and the plantar pressure measurements of the foot in athletes who developed an overuse-type disability and in athletes who did not develop overuse-type disability, and was to find factors that might predispose to disability, during the one-year follow-up. 100 licensed football players were included in the study. Presence of joint hypermobility, foot posture assessment, ankle and first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint range of motion (ROM) measurements, pedobarographic plantar pressure assessment of foot was carried out. Then, the footballers were followed for 12 months for the development of new foot and ankle overuse injuries and the clinical and pedobarographic data of the footballers with at least one injury were compared with the group without injury. We found asymmetric pressure distribution between the preferred and non-preferred foot in the group who had an injury in the pedobarographic static foot plantar pressure measurements (p = .040). When we compared the ROM values of footballers who had an injury and footballers who did not have an injury, we found a significant limitation in the group that suffered an injury, in the ankle eversion, first MTP joint dorsiflexion and ankle plantarflexion degrees (p = .029, p = .023, p=.044, respectively). These findings suggest that impairments in foot plantar pressure distribution and limitations in ankle and foot joint ROM may be risk factors for the development of foot and ankle overuse injury.

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been increasing all over the world due to the high-risk factors of metabolic syndrome. But, unfortunately, the cost of dialysis and the scarcity of dialysis center and dialysate are making it more complex for the people in least developed countries. Probiotics are being studied as a potential treatment option for chronic kidney disease, especially in the dialysis patients. The aim of this review is to investigate the effects of probiotics administration in dialysis patients in end-stage kidney disease. A systemic search was conducted on MEDLINE database from 2002 to 2023 using key terms related to dialysis, end-stage kidney disease and probiotics. Fifteen studies met eligibility criteria, among which thirteen were on hemodialysis patients and others on peritoneal dialysis patients. The results of the studies revealed that probiotics have some significant effect on gut dysbiosis, gastrointestinal symptoms, uremic toxins, inflammation and overall quality of life of dialytic patients. Studies showed that administration of probiotics inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria as well as production of protein-bound uremic toxins (i.e. indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate) which can not be fully excreted by dialysis. The level of serum TNF-, IL-5 and IL-6 were significantly decreased in peritoneal dialysis patients. However, further investigations must be carried out with larger sample size with larger study duration and wit different probiotics or synbiotics preparations to obtained more specific explanations of the effects and mechanisms of probiotics to counteract the disease progression on dialysis patients in end-stage kidney disease.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of -lipoic acid on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in diabetic patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). MethodsPatients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease scheduled for CAG or PCI treatment at the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from February 1, 2021, to August 30, 2023, were recruited. After obtaining informed consent, patients were allocated into three groups: -lipoic acid group (38 cases), adequate hydration group (60 cases), and routine hydration group (104 cases).The primary outcome observed was the incidence of CIN, and secondary endpoints included changes in SCr, TBiL, and GGT 72 hours after contrast agent administration. ResultsThe incidence of CIN in the -lipoic acid group was 2.63% (1/38), 1.67% (1/60) in the adequate hydration group, and 4.81% (5/104) in the routine hydration group, with no statistically significant difference among the three groups (p=0.544). After PCI or CAG, SCr levels decreased slightly more in the -lipoic acid group compared to the adequate hydration group, while the routine hydration group showed an increase, but the differences were not statistically significant (p> 0.05). Conclusion-Lipoic acid has a certain improvement effect on renal function indicators (Scr) after CAG or PCI, but it did not demonstrate a significant preventive effect on CIN. Adequate hydration showed greater reduction in oxidative stress damage after CAG or PCI compared to -lipoic acid and routine hydration.

ObjectivesThis study was aimed to reveal the differences in knee valgus angle at landing as a static indicator and wobbling movement of the knee during landing as a dynamic indicator between ACL injury and uninjured athletes. MethodsThis study was case-control study. There were 6 female basketball players with ACL injuries and 38 female basketball players without them, whose knee kinematics were measured using 2-dimensional video cameras during single-leg jump landings. The task was performed from 30cm-box. Knee kinematics and wobbling of the knee which was calculated by relative frontal motion to the flexion movement were compared between knees with ACL-injured and uninjured. ResultsSix athletes who had confirmed ACL injuries, did not demonstrate significantly different knee valgus angle at initial contact and maximum knee flexion during landing, compared to 38 uninjured athletes. The knee valgus angles at initial contact for injured and uninjured athletes were 12.3{degrees} and 14.8{degrees} (p = 0.15), respectively. Five of six anterior cruciate ligament injured knees presented knee wobbling during landing. Relative frontal motion at 18{degrees} knee flexion was significantly greater in athletes with ACL-injured (p = 0.02). Conclusions84% of ACL injury presented with the knee wobbling and the frontal knee motion was greater with low knee flexion during knee wobbling, while the knee valgus angle was not significantly different. This study suggests that knee wobbling may be a biomechanical and dynamic risk factor for ACL injury in female basketball players. Summary BoxWhat is already known on this topic - summarise the state of scientific knowledge on this subject before you did your study and why this study needed to be done Biomechanical risk factor for ACL injury was revealed as dynamic knee valgus and low knee flexion which increases ACL strain. However, previous study focused only static index which are knee angle at initial contact or maximum. This study aimed to establish new dynamic index for screening of ACL injury. What this study adds - summarise what we now know as a result of this study that we did not know before Although a previous study identified knee valgus angle and knee valgus moment as predictors of ACL injury, many athletes who demonstrates knee valgus motion does not suffer ACL injury. Cadaveric studies show that ACL strain did not increase when knee valgus occurred with slowed knee flexion movement. We identified an abnormal knee movement involving the dynamic knee valgus with low knee flexion, which we call "knee wobbling." How this study might affect research, practice or policy - summarise the implications of this study ACL injury has been difficult to predict; however, we found that knee wobbling, which is new parameter of abnormal knee movement, including rapid knee valgus/varus, is a potential predictor of ACL injury.

BackgroundMyokines, released from the contracting muscle, enable communication between the working muscles and other tissue. Their release during physical exercise is assumed to depend on mode, duration, and intensity. ObjectiveThe aim of this meta-analysis is to examine the acute changes in circulating levels of the myokines IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1ra induced by a bout of resistance exercise and to consider potential moderators of the results. MethodsSystematic literature search was conducted for resistance exercise intervention studies measuring IL-6, IL-10, or IL-1ra before and immediately after resistance exercise in healthy individuals. Random effects meta-analysis was performed for each myokine. ResultsA small to moderate positive effect of resistance exercise for IL-6 and a moderate to large positive effect for IL-1ra were detected. For IL-10 no significant effect was observed. No moderators (training status, type of exercise, risk of bias, age, exercise volume, exercise intensity, exercise dose) of the results were detected. ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis clearly showed the immediate positive effects of an acute resistance exercise session on IL-6 and IL-1ra levels.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an evolving public health crisis and challenged the medical system globally, especially in the rural-stricken regions. There is concern about the spread of coronavirus in regions with lower education level, weaker health systems and underdeveloped economy. The risk of viral transmission in HD center is elevated because of the densely-populated and high mobility in an enclosed environment.This paper demonstrated the main experiences and strategies of preventing secondary COVID-19 transmission in a HD center from a poverty-stricken rural region in China. Data of subjects including 17 medical workers and 249 patients were collected from the HD center in Huangchuan County Peoples Hospital from February to April 2020. It is the first paper to provide the experiences and strategies about preventing COVID-19 secondary transmission in HD center for poverty-stricken rural region.

BackgroundSince December 2019, Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) occurred in wuhan, China, and outbreaked rapidly into a global pandemic. This current poses great challenges to hemodialysis (HD) patients. ObjectiveTo make a comprehensive evaluation and comparison between HD patients confirmed with COVID-19 and the general HD patients. MethodsHD patients confirmed with COVID-19 in Wuhan No.5 Hospital were admitted as confirmed group from Jan 10 to Mar 15, 2020. And HD patients not infected in our dialysis center were chosen as control group. General characteristics, laboratory indicators were retrospectively collected, analyzed and compared. ResultsA total of 142 cases were admitted, including 43 cases in confirmed group and 99 in control group. Body mass index (BMI) was slightly lower in confirmed group than that in control group (P=0.011). The proportion of one or less underlying disease in confirmed group(51.16%) was higher than that in control group(14.14%)(P< 0.001), and the proportion of three or more underlying diseases in confirmed group(11.63%) was lower than that in control group(52.53%)(P< 0.001). Patients in confirmed group exhibited significantly lower hemoglobin, lymphocyte count, and lymphocyte percentage, but higher neutrophil percentage, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. There was no significant difference in age, gender, dialysis age, primary disease, the using of ACEI/ARB, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and other indicators between the two groups. ConclusionsFaced with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2), HD patients with lower BMI and hemoglobin were more susceptible to be infected, which might be related to malnutrition. Once confirmed with COVID-19, HD patients expressed obviously dis-regulated of inflammation and immune.

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus(DM) has become the third chronic noncommunicable disease worldwide, and is one of the most common chronic diseases in almost all countries. Type 2 diabetes(T2DM) is the most common group of DM, accounting for more than 90% of the DM population. ObjectivesThis systematic review is conducted to compare the impact of HIIT and MICT on body composition and glucose control in T2DM, and to determine the suitable intervention for HIIT and the more effective forms of HIIT on T2DM. MethodsSeven databases were searched from their inception to 21 November 2022 for randomized controlled trial(RCT) with HIIT and MICT intervention. The effect size was completed by using standardized mean difference (SMD) and standard deviation. Body mass(BM), body mass index (BMI), percent fat mass (PFM), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), VO2peak, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose(FPG), and fasting plasma insulin(FPI) were included in the meta-analysis as outcomes. Results15 RCTs with 371 T2DM were conducted in accordance with our inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that compared to MICT, HIIT had significant effects on VO2peak(SMD=0.4, 95%CI: 0.08 to 0.73, p=0.02) and HbA1c(SMD=-0.24, 95%CI: -0.48 to -0.01, p=0.04), while there were no significant differences in body composition, FPG, and FPI. ConclusionHIIT provides similar or more benefits on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF), and glucose control relative to MICT, which might be influenced by duration, frequency, and HIIT interval. For people with T2DM, HIIT can achieve more improvement in CRF and glucose control than MICT and appear to be more time-saving.

ObjectiveThe main goal of this study is to determine whether engaging in core stability exercises benefits LBP sufferers. BackgroundAs a common exercise therapy, core stability training has gradually become the main treatment for LBP patients to relieve pain. Although many similar researches have showed a significant impact of core stability training on LBP, many scholars still have the opposite experimental conclusion, that is, core stability training has no significant therapeutic effect on LBP patients. MethodsOnly randomized controlled could be included in this study, and we used the Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI databases, China Science and Technology Journal Database and PubMed for article retrieval. Among them, non-LBP patients, non-core training, and articles with imperfect outcome indicators were not included. ResultsThis analysis incorporated findings from 21 relevant studies in total. The results showed that, although that the overall effect was not significant, core stability training was helpful for LBP patients. The results of two secondary outcomes (generic health and specific function) showed that core stability training had no practical significance for the improvement of generic health and specific function of LBP patients. The specific results are as follows: pain (SMD = 2.74, 95%CI: 1.40-4.08, P < 0.0001), disability (SMD = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.69-3.36, P <0.00001), generic health (SMD = 1.08, 95%CI: 0.07-2.08, P = 0.04), specific function (SMD = 1.99, 95%CI: -0.04-4.02, P = 0.05). ConclusionsWe recommend that core stability training be used for short-term therapy, but not for long-term therapy.